Pediatrics and Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Biography

Biography: Alejandro Berenstein

Abstract

Vascular malformations are most frequent located in the maxillofacial area. It is important that a proper diagnosis is made, asrnthe treatment is diff erent for the diff erent types of vascular lesions. Arteriovenous Malformations and A-V fistulae, are high fl owrnlesions, with a reddish discoloration, the temperature over the area is increased, with prominent pulsations, a thrill and a bruit mayrnbe present. Th ere will be mass effect, compression of vital structures, pain and hemorrhage. It is the most difficult type to treat, and itrnis the most aggressive in presentation. Venous Malformations are slow flow lesions, and the most frequent type of vascular birthmark.rnFrequently multifocal. Symptoms depend on the location, mass effect, cosmetic and functional manifestations, discomfort and pain. The skin over the area is of normal temperature with bluish discoloration, there easily compressible, none pulsatile and they willrnexpand with Valsalva maneuvers. Lymphatic Malformations are very low fl ow collections of lymphatic fluid. They present as noncompressiblernmass lesions with contour deformities, compression of vital structures may occur. The skin is of normal temperature, rnnonpulsatile. Th ey may be macrocystic or microcystic, or mixed. Hemangiomas are proliferative tumors of infancy they appearsrnshortly aft er birth and will go through a rapid growth cycle the proliferative phase, reach her maximum within months or severalrnyears and then spontaneously involute. We will present the various endovascular techniques, including transarterial embolization,rnpercutaneous embolization, sclerotherapy, combination treatments.